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Table 3 Genomic responses to changes in ploidy and interspecific hybridization in plants.

From: Mobile DNA and evolution in the 21st century

Taxon

Genomic response

Asteraceae

(Compositae)

Genome expansion and retrotransposon proliferation in sunflower hybrids [185]

 

Chromosomal repatterning and the evolution of sterility barriers in hybrid sunflower species [186]

 

Rapid chromosome evolution in polyploids [187]

Grasses

Altered methylation patterns and chromosome restructuring in hybrids [188]

Potato

Genome instability in hybrids [189]

 

Phenotypic and epigenetic variability in a diploid hybrid [190]

Nicotiana

spp. (tobacco)

Elimination of repeated DNA in a synthetic allotetraploid [191]

Rice

Extensive genomic variability induced by introgression from wild rice [192]

 

LTR retrotransposon movements in rice lines introgressed by wild rice [193]

 

Retrotransposon activation following introgression [194]

Brassica

Rapid genome change in synthetic polyploids [195]

 

Large scale chromosome restructuring [196]

Wheat [197]

Sequence loss and cytosine methylation following hybridization and allopolyploidy [198]

 

Rapid genome evolution following allopolyploidy [199]

 

Changes in methylation patterns of mobile elements in allopolyploids [200]

 

Parental repeat elimination in newly synthesized allopolyploids [201]

 

Rapid genomic changes in interspecific and intergeneric hybrids and allopolyploids [202]

Arabidopsis

Genomic changes in synthetic polyploids [203]

 

Chromosome rearrangements after allotetraploid formation [204]